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A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a medical research study where scientists randomly assign participants to separate groups to fairly test the effects of a new treatment or medicine.Why Randomization MattersRemoves Bias: Random assignment ensures that researchers do not choose who gets a specific treatment.Balances Groups: Chance makes the treatment and control groups as similar as possible in age, health, and other hidden factors.Proves Cause: It helps doctors know if the